South America and South Atlantic Islands

Colombia Flag of Colombia

Still current at: 20 August 2008
Updated: 06 June 2008


This advice has been reviewed and reissued with an amendment to the Natural Disasters section (areas currently affected by mudslides).  The overall level of the advice has not changed.

(see travel advice legal disclaimer)

Travel advice for this country


Travel Summary

  • You should be aware that the security situation in Colombia is constantly changing and that you could be at serious risk in all parts of the country.  If it is essential for you to travel, you should make arrangements for your security throughout your visit.  See the Terrorism/Security and Crime sections of this advice for more details.

  • We advise against all travel to the departments of Putumayo, Arauca, Nariño (excluding Pasto), and Norte de Santander (excluding Cucuta).  To the towns of Buenaventura and San José del Guaviare and the areas surrounding them; and to the Parque Nacional Natural de La Macarena in the department of Meta.

  • We advise against all but essential travel to the rural areas of Cauca, Huila (including to San Agustin and the Parque Arqueologico San Agustin), Caqueta, Guaviare, southern and western Valle de Cauca, southern Tolima, southern parts of Meta, Chocó (except for Bahia Solano), north-western Antioquia, north-eastern Boyacá, Córdoba, Sucre, southern Bolívar and southern Cesar departments; the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (including the ‘Lost City’); and the border areas of Cesar and La Guajira. See the Terrorism/Security and Crime sections of this advice for more details.

  • On 14 April 2008, the Nevado del Huila volcano in the Parque de los Nevados (to the west of Huila Department in southern Tolima) erupted.  There is a probability of further eruptions within days or weeks which could also result in a melting of the ice cap and subsequent flooding in the region.  All travel to the area should be avoided at the present time.  You should pay careful attention to all warnings issued and follow the advice of the local authorities.

  • There is a high threat of terrorism in Colombia.  You should be vigilant, particularly when visiting or staying in public places used by expatriates and foreigner travellers, and in the vicinity of government buildings and military establishments.  Roads, bridges and power supplies may also be targeted.  There is also a serious risk of kidnapping in many parts of the country, including major cities.

  • In 2005, more people were killed or injured in Colombia by landmines than in any other country in the world.  When travelling in rural areas you should always follow local warnings about the presence of landmines.

  • Around 18,000 visits are made by British nationals to Colombia every year (Source: Colombian State Security Department - DAS).  Most visits are trouble-free.  The main type of incident for which British nationals required consular assistance in Colombia in 2007 was the theft of personal belongings, including passports.  There is a serious risk of crime throughout most of the country, including major cities.  You should avoid unnecessary travel to deprived areas of all Colombian cities.

  • We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling. You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. See the General (Insurance) section of this advice and the  Travel Insurance page of the FCO website for more details.

Safety and security

Terrorism/Security

There is a high threat of terrorism in Colombia.  You should be vigilant, particularly when visiting or staying in public places used by expatriates and foreign travellers, and in the vicinity of government buildings and military establishments.  You are at risk of being caught up in a terrorist incident in much of the country. Roads, bridges and power supplies are also targeted.   

For more details see the Terrorism Abroad page of the FCO website.

We advise against all travel to the departments of Putumayo, Nariño (excluding Pasto), Arauca and Norte de Santander (excluding Cucuta); the towns of Buenaventura and San José del Guaviare and the areas surrounding them; and to the Parque Nacional Natural de La Macarena in the department of Meta.  These areas are particularly dangerous, in part due to the significant presence of illegal armed groups and high levels of coca cultivation.

We advise against all but essential travel to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (including the ‘Lost City’) and to the rural areas of Cauca, Huila (including to San Agustin and the Parque Arqueologico San Agustin), Caqueta, Guaviare, southern and western Valle de Cauca, southern Tolima, southern parts of Meta, Chocó, north-western Antioquia, north-eastern Boyacá, Córdoba, Sucre, southern Bolívar and southern Cesar departments, and the border areas of Cesar and La Guajira.  There is a potentially high risk to your personal safety in these areas.  If your visit is essential you are strongly advised to seek professional security advice and make arrangements for your security throughout your visit.

The Parque Nacional Tayrona is a popular tourist destination for Colombians and foreigners alike.  You are advised only to visit beach areas and resorts you are reliably advised are safe and not to venture inland as illegal armed groups are active in the area.

The Pacific coast of Chocó is a popular eco-tourist destination, with whale-watching being the main attraction.  Notwithstanding our advice against all but essential travel to this department, the town of Bahia Solano is considered less dangerous, provided you do not venture inland or down the coast away from the town.  If you intend to travel to this town, we recommend that you do so only by air.  Illegal armed groups and drugs traffickers are active in the area.  Six tourists were kidnapped from Nuqui on 13 January 2008, reportedly by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).

Activity by illegal armed groups in many parts of Colombia remains intense, including in parts of the country we do not advise against all travel to.  On 2 September 2007, 10 soldiers were killed by the FARC in the area bordering Quindio and Tolima.  Several others were injured.  On 9 April 2007, a bomb exploded outside the Police Headquarters in Cali killing one person and injuring others.

Continuing attacks around Buenaventura saw three people killed and a number of people injured over the weekend of 22-24 June 2007.

There were a number of terrorist attacks in Bogotá in 2006, including on the Transmillenio Transport System buses.

In November 2006, there were several attacks by the FARC on police posts across the country.  These attacks resulted in a large number of deaths of police officers and civilians.

Terrorism, drugs and organised crime are inextricably linked.  Control of the drugs trade is a major driver of much of the armed conflict.  There is a high risk to your personal safety in any area where coca and opium poppies are cultivated and a particularly high risk in the vicinity of cocaine processing labs.  Coca is cultivated and cocaine processed in many parts of rural Colombia.  Although we do not advise against travel to northern Antioquia,  coca is cultivated in this area and you are advised to seek local advice before travelling.

In addition to the FARC, the ELN (National Liberation Army) is major illegal armed group active in many parts of Colombia.  A large number of new armed criminal groups, many of them involved in the illegal drugs trade, have formed following the demobilisation of the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC).  The greatest concentrations of these groups are reported in the departments of Cauca, Valle de Cauca, Nariño and Norte de Santander.

Crime
 
Criminal violence is a serious problem in Colombia.  In many cases, it is not possible to separate crime and violence by terrorist groups from crime committed by criminal groups.  Both Colombia’s illegal armed groups, and other criminal groups, are heavily involved in the drugs trade and in other serious crime including kidnapping (for ransom and for political purposes), money laundering and the running of extortion and prostitution rackets.

Kidnapping is a serious problem.  Colombia continues to have a high rate of kidnapping for ransom.  The Vice President’s Human Rights Office recorded 521 kidnappings in 2006.  Most foreign nationals are potential targets for kidnapping, including  backpackers and those working for foreign organisations.  A number of Britons have been kidnapped, including one who was subsequently killed in October 2001.  There remains a significant risk of attack or kidnap in many rural parts of the country.  We currently advise against all travel to the port of Buenaventura in the department of Valle de Cauca where illegal armed groups and criminal gangs are very active.  In April 2008, a British national was kidnapped near Cali.  He was held for almost one week before being rescued by the security forces.  On 3 February 2006, a Briton and a Dutchman were kidnapped in Norte de Santander department.  They were released unharmed on 9 February 2006.  Two Spanish nationals were kidnapped in the Darien region, close to the Colombian-Panamanian border, in January 2006.  You should be aware that the long-standing policy of the British Government is not to make substantive concessions to hostage takers.  The British Government considers that paying ransoms and releasing prisoners increases the risk of further hostage taking.

We advise against all but essential travel to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, including the ‘Lost City’.  Two British tourists from an organised tour group to the ‘Lost City’ in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta national park were kidnapped in September 2003.  The victims spent several months in captivity, before being freed.  Armed groups are still active in this area, there is extensive cultivation of illegal drugs and the risk of kidnap remains high.  While tour organisers may assure you that the area is safe, we do not believe it to be so.

There has been a marked increase in criminal activity in urban areas, including Bogotá.  Common crimes such as mugging and pickpocketing are often accompanied by violence.  Foreign visitors, present a tempting target to thieves, pickpockets and drug traffickers.  When walking in urban areas, you should avoid any unnecessary display of wealth.  You should only use pre-booked taxis, where possible.

You should be wary of unsolicited approaches from strangers.  There have been several cases of assailants using drugs to subdue their intended victims.  Drugs can be administered through food, drinks, needles, cigarettes, aerosols, powder, and have even been impregnated in ‘flyers’ handed out at traffic lights.  These drugs can take effect extremely quickly, allowing an assailant to rob the victim and escape before the attack can be reported.  It can take several days for the drug to wear off and the victim to recover.  These attacks frequently occur on public transport.  You should never accept offers of food, drink or cigarettes from strangers – no matter how friendly or well dressed the person appears.

There have been reports, including in Bogotá, of bogus policemen approaching foreigners to "check" documents or foreign currency.  If approached you should avoid handing over money or documents unless threatened.

You should avoid unnecessary visits to deprived areas of all Colombian cities.  In Bogotá, you should be vigilant in areas to the south of Candelaria and to the west of the airport road as these parts of the city are particularly dangerous.  Homicide rates in the city of Cali are especially high.  You should be cautious on city streets, especially after dark.  You should avoid, where possible, hailing taxis on the street but instead should book them through hotels or by phoning a reputable taxi company.  You should be particularly vigilant when taking money out of cash dispensers.

For more general information see the Victims of Crime page on the FCO website.
  
Political Situation

Colombia Country Profile
 
Colombia has suffered from an internal armed conflict for over forty years, and still has a long way to go in solving its problems.  But the security situation has improved under the Colombian Government’s "democratic security policy", adopted in 2002. And in 2005, a peace deal was signed with the the AUC paramilitiary movement, which resulted in more than 35,000 combatants demobilising.  The government and local authorities are working to reintegrate them into society.
 
Local Travel

If you consider it necessary to travel to parts of Colombia that we advise against all travel to, or all but essential travel to, you should review your security arrangements.  You should be aware that the security situation throughout Colombia is constantly changing and that you could also be at serious risk in parts of the country not included in the list provided in the summary of this advice

Colombia is affected by landmines and unexploded ordnance.  Mined areas are frequently unmarked.  You should be aware of potential dangers when visiting remote locations or venturing off the main roads.

In much of rural Colombia the effective authority of the Colombian State is limited.  The British Embassy’s ability to assist British nationals in trouble in these areas will often be similarly limited.

When travelling in Colombia's major cities, your greatest threat will be from common criminals.  You should take sensible precautions to avoid unnecessary risk.  As well as Bogotá, important business centres include Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and Cartagena.  Cartagena is a popular tourist destination and venue for major conferences.

The Parque Nacional Tayrona is a popular tourist destination for Colombians and foreigners alike.  You are advised only to visit beach areas and resorts you are reliably advised are safe and not to venture inland as illegal armed groups are active in the area.
 
Road Travel
 
To drive in Colombia, you will need to have an international driving licence and car insurance is compulsory.
 
Road surfaces, even in large cities, are variable.  Driving standards are low and traffic accidents are common. 
 
The risk of violence and kidnapping is higher in some rural areas, as is the threat of being caught in roadblocks set up by illegal armed groups.  Main arterial roads are generally safer to travel on during daylight hours at weekends and on public holidays when more troops are deployed to enhance road safety.  You should avoid travelling at night.
 
While we advise against travel to the rural areas of some departments through which the Pan-American Highway passes, the Highway itself is generally well guarded and considered to be reasonably safe.  Journeys on any part of the Highway between Cali and the Ecuadorian border should however be made during daylight hours only.  Hitchhiking should, under no circumstances, be considered.

For more general information see the Driving Abroad page of the FCO website.
  
Rail Travel
 
There is no significant rail transport system in Colombia.
 
Air Travel

The national carrier, Avianca, and other national airlines generally have good safety records.  Air travel is a key mode of transport in the country, not least because of the risks involved in travel overland.
 
We advise you to enter or leave Colombia by air only and not by land borders, given the general dangers of travel by road and the location of border crossings.

Airport tax for international departures for visitors who stay in Colombia for less than two months is US $30. For stays in excess of two months the tax is US $51. However, the charge depends on the type of visa with which you are issued. The Colombian Embassy in London can advise further.

Local laws and customs

You should avoid all dealings with illegal drugs.  Attempts to smuggle illegal drugs bring hefty prison sentences and prisons are tough.  You should pack all your luggage yourself, and not carry items for other people.
 
Homosexuality is legal but not widely socially accepted, especially in rural areas.
 
Photography of military or strategic sites is not permitted.
 
It is a criminal offence for British nationals to have sex with under age minors overseas as well as in the UK.

For more general advice for different types of travellers see the Travel Advice Relevant to You page of the FCO website.
 

Entry requirements

Visas
 
British nationals may enter Colombia for up to 60 days as a visitor without a visa, however there is no unconditional right to do so.  The decision on whether to permit entry and length of stay rests with the Immigration Officer on arrival.  
 
You may be able to extend your stay up to a maximum of a further 120 days on application and payment of a fee at the immigration office of the Department of Administration and Security once in Colombia.  As a visitor, you cannot remain in Colombia for more than 180 days in any twelve-month period.  You should not outstay your visa.
 
Before any travel to Colombia, particularly for purposes other than tourism, you should contact the Colombian Embassy in London (tel.  020 7 637 9893, e-mail info@colombianconsulate.co.uk). 

Passport validity
 
You should have a valid return ticket with you and your passport should have at least six month's validity.  We advise you to enter Colombia by air only and not to try to enter by any overland route.  
 
Yellow Fever vaccination certificate
 
Airport authorities have informed us that Yellow Fever vaccination certificates are only needed if you are planning to visit jungle areas of Colombia.
 
If you intend to travel on to neighbouring countries in Latin America from Colombia, you may not be allowed to do so without production of a Yellow Fever Certificate.  You should confirm with the authorities of your next destination whether they require a certificate following your visit to Colombia.
 
Customs regulations on departure
 
Individuals leaving Colombia are only entitled to carry up to US$10,000 in cash.  Anything in excess of this may be confiscated.  In May 2006 a British national carrying US$14,000 had $4,000 confiscated by the authorities at the airport, despite his argument that the money belonged to both himself and his wife, who was travelling with him.

Travelling with children 
 
Children under the age of 18 years who have resident status in Colombia and who are travelling on a British passport require written permission whenever they leave the country without both parents.  The non-accompanying parent(s) must write a letter giving permission for the child to leave Colombia.  The letter must be authenticated by a notary or by a Colombian Consulate.  The letter must mention the proposed destination, the purpose of the trip, the date of departure and the return date.  More information about Colombian emigration requirements can be obtained from the Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad (DAS) or by contacting the Colombian Consulate-General in London (info@colombianconsulate.co.uk).

Health

Private medical facilities in Colombia are generally of good quality, but may be expensive.  Medical facilities in many areas of rural Colombia are limited.  Most medicines are generally available, but can be costly.

Yellow fever, malaria and dengue fever are common to Colombia.  

Yellow fever affects the Magdalena, Cesar, La Guajira, Atlantico, Santander, Norte de Santander and Amazona areas. There is a high incidence of malaria in lowland tropical areas, particularly in Chocó and north western Antioquia.

Dengue Fever is common to Latin America and the Caribbean and can occur throughout the year.  In 2007 there was a marked increase in the number of reported cases of dengue across the region.  In Colombia it is more common on the north Caribbean coast, particularly in Chocó, Antioquia, Córdoba, Sucre, Bolivar and Atlantico departments.  

In the 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic the UNAIDS/WHO Working Group estimated that around 160,000 adults aged 15 or over in Colombia were living with HIV; the prevalence rate was estimated at around 0.6% of the adult population. This compares to the prevalence rate in adults in the UK of around 0.2%.  You should exercise normal precautions to avoid exposure to HIV/AIDS. For more general information on how to do this see HIV and AIDS page of the FCO website.

You should seek medical advice before travelling to Colombia and ensure that all appropriate vaccinations are up-to-date.  For further information on vaccination requirements, health outbreaks and general disease protection and prevention you should visit the websites of the National Travel Health Network and Centre (NaTHNaC) and NHS Scotland’s Fit for Travel or call NHS Direct on 0845 46 47.

For more general health information see the Travel Health pages of the FCO website.

Natural disasters


Earthquakes

An earthquake measuring 5.5 on the Richter scale occurred on 24 May 2008, causing landslides in some areas which resulted in six deaths and a number of injuries.  The epicentre of the earthquake was in Meta Department.  There were serious tremors in many places, including in Bogotá, but no serious structural damage.

Rainy season

There is a risk of floods and landslides during the two rainy seasons in Colombia from April to June and mid September to mid December.

Since early June 2008, the road between Bogota and Villavicencio, the area between Boyaca and Casanare, northern Tolima, Caldas, Antioquia and Norte de Santander have been badly affected by mudslides.

Volcanoes

On 14 April 2008, the Nevado del Huila volcano in the Parque de los Nevados (to the west of Huila Department in southern Tolima) erupted.  There is a probability of further eruptions within days or weeks, which could also result in a  melting of the ice cap and subsequent flooding in the region.  All travel to the area should be avoided at the present time.  You should pay careful attention to all warnings issued and follow the advice of the local authorities.

On 17 January 2008 the Galeras Volcano in Nariño Department erupted. The alert level is currently Level 3 (no longer an imminent threat but you should remain vigilant). If, against our advice, you are in Nariño Department (with the exception of the city of Pasto), you should pay careful attention to all warnings issued and follow the advice of the local authorities.

General

Insurance

We strongly recommend that you obtain comprehensive travel and medical insurance before travelling.  You should check any exclusions, and that your policy covers you for all the activities you want to undertake. For more general information see the Travel Insurance page of the FCO website.

If things do go wrong when you are overseas then see the How We Can Help page of the FCO website.

Registering with the British Embassy

Register with our LOCATE service to tell us when and where you are travelling abroad or where you live abroad so our consular and crisis staff can provide better assistance to you in an emergency.  More information about registering with LOCATE can be found on the FCO website.

Identification

You should carry a photocopy of the data page and Colombian visa from your passport at all times, plus copies of other important documents.  These should be kept separately from the originals, and copies left with friends or relatives in the UK.
 
You should enter your next of kin details in the back of your passport.

Money

You should ensure you bring enough money with you. US dollars and travellers’ cheques are most widely accepted.

You should use credit and debit cards with caution and are advised to keep receipts.  If you use an ATM, try to do so during business hours at a location inside a bank, supermarket or large commercial building.
 
British Honorary Consulates
   
There are British Honorary Consulates in Cali, Cartagena and Medellín, which can provide consular assistance.  Contact details can be found on the Embassy website.

Travel advice for this country

Change country

contacts

Colombia, Bogota, British Embassy

Address:

British Embassy
Cra 9 No 76-49
Bogotá

Telephone:

(57) (1) 326 8300 Main Embassy Switchboard

Fax:

(57) (1) 326 8302 Management
(57) (1) 326 8305 Commercial
(57) (1) 326 8303 Consular/Visa
(57) (1) 326 8309 Press and Public Affairs

Email: britain@cable.net.co

Office hours:

GMT:
Mon-Thurs: 1330-1730 / 1830-2130
Fri: 1330-1830

Local Time:
Mon-Thurs: 0830-1230 / 1330-1700
Fri: 0830-1330

Website: http://www.ukincolombia.fco.gov.uk